论汽车超载对沥青路面的危害

林绣贤

(同济大学)

摘 要: 该文分析了汽车超载后沥青路面力学计算的结果，得知超载后的弯沉值、剪应力、拉应力与该车额定轴载时的弯沉值、剪应力、拉应力之比等于超载后的轴载与额定轴载之比，较过去不同额定轴载时的弯沉值、剪应力、拉应力之比为轴载比的0.87次方的结果更大。以此为据，计算了不同超载率对路面使用寿命缩短的年限，证明超载确是当前沥青路面损坏的主要原因，应严格依法控制。针对目前的实际情况建议超载率不得>30%，单轴轴载不得超过130kN。以此为前提，在保持现行路面设计方法基础上，提出考虑超载后对现行设计方法的修订建议。文中特别指出超载对沥青路面高温剪切损坏的严重性，并提出提高面层沥青混合料抗剪强度的措施。

关键词：汽车超载；超载率；高温剪切

                               Discussion on Damage of Asphalt Pavement due to the Overloads

                                                                                          Lin Xiu-xian 

Abstract: This paper analyses the results of asphalt pavement mechanical calculation due to overloads, it shows the ratio of deflection, shear stress, tensile stress between overloads and design loads is much more bigger than original 0.89 power. Based on this analysis, calculate the design life at different rate of overloads. It shows clearly the overloads is major cause for pavement deterioration. Overloads should strictly control. The rate of overloads should be less than 30%, single axle loads less than 130kN are recommended. Based on current pavement design method, overloads should be considered. This paper addresses the severity of shear distress at high temperature as well as the improving measurements of shear strength of surface course at high temperature are provided.

Key Words: Truck overloads； rate of overloads；shear at high temperature